The holes are normal. The holes are normal. All flour and rice bugs can break into flimsy plastic containers and jars. Yes, it is. Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? Theyre also active in the spring and summer months when they fly inside homes from the outdoors to lay their eggs on your stored food. [4][5], Rice hulls are a low-cost material from which silicon carbide "whiskers" can be manufactured. She has a passion for helping home cooks build their confidence in the kitchen with hacks, how-tos, and guides to inspire them to try something new. A dry pantry is a good place to store rice because it can avoid high-temperatures, humidity and sunlight. 5 Factors That Cause Bugs In Rice And Rice Weevil Infestation, How Do You Get Rid Of Bugs In Rice And Your Stored Grains, Dont Buy Dusty Grain Bugs And Grain Bags With Holes, Check The Grains Before Keeping Them In Your Pantry, Store Flour And Grains In Robust Airtight Containers And Jars, Regularly Clean Your Kitchen And Kitchen Pantry, Keep A Few Bay Leaves On The Kitchen Storage And Pantry Shelves, Install Window Screens To Prevent Rice Bugs From Flying Inside Your Home, 6 Deceptive Tiny Slow-Moving Black Bugs In The House, How To Get Rid Of Centipedes And Stop Them From Returning, How To Get Rid Of Mosquitoes In Your Garage In 6 Easy Steps, Bed Bugs And Peppermint Oil The Hateful Relationship, 10 Allergic Tiny Bugs In Carpet That Really Bite Like Crazy. Dust on the grain bags is a clear sign of grain mites. When boiled in water, those starches form big, soapy, angry bubbles that steam pushes up and out of the pot. Sometimes there are cuts in the packaging from when they cut the boxes they are shipped in. Grain mites are tiny white bugs in rice that are invisible to the naked eye. Why did the Soviets not shoot down US spy satellites during the Cold War? [3], Goodyear announced plans to use rice husk ash as a source for tire additive. References:*1 13, Japanese culture, Melbourne Japanese cafe, Japanese cuisine, Japanese culture, Japanese food, Japanese food Recipe, Melbourne Japanese cafe, Recipes, Inarizushi, Lucky charm, Japanese traditional sushi, shushi. If there are holes in your bags it maybe to let moisture escape so mold doesn't grow. Over the past two months, I've gotten three containers of milk that have had holes in them. Rice hulls are coated with fine-grained gunpowder and used as the main bursting charge in aerial fireworks shells. Winnowing, used to separate the rice from hulls, is to put the whole rice into a pan and throw it into the air while the wind blows. 2.5 Dry Cloves. Step 3: Finish with a towel steam. And yes, even though it contains arsenic, you can still eat rice. Probably for air pressure release as they dont want the packages exploding like bags of chips because frozen veggies tend to be heavy, especially when stacked on top of each other. Thats because there could be small holes in the rice bag. The adult rice weevil will use its beak to create a hole in the rice grains. Don't Panic! The pillows are loosely stuffed and considered therapeutic as they retain the shape of the head. Freezer burn is the result of moisture loss from storage in the freezer. [12] It is also used as roofing after mixing it with mud and water. Are rice bags healthy? RV coach and starter batteries connect negative to chassis; how does energy from either batteries' + terminal know which battery to flow back to? Do you mean the kind that you cook in the bag? 2.7 Vinegar Solution. WebWhy do some people like to put their hands deep into rice boxes or bean boxes? Rice hulls can be composted, but their high lignin content can make this a slow process. find the x and y components of the displacement vector of the car? These bugs can also be present in pet food packets. The holes in the plastic are small enough to prevent most insects from entering. If you find any of these signs, dont buy them. Onions come in mesh bags and potatoes come in plastic bags with little holes punched in them so they can "breathe", if they didn't they'd turn into a mushy mess sooner than most people go through a whole bag. Theyll also lay eggs on the rice grains. Keep a few bay leaves near the flour jars, rice jars, and in the corners of the pantry shelves. Its meant to hold and release steam - so that rice can be cooked. [1] When burnt completely, the ash can have a Blaine number of as much as 3,600 compared to the Blaine number of cement (between 2,800 and 3,000), meaning it is finer than cement. Probably for air pressure release as they don't want the packages exploding like bags of chips because frozen [2] Being about 95% silica, it is an easy way of introducing the necessary silica into the glaze, and the small particle size helps with an early melt of the glaze. cool-bag for frozen and cold foods only is a good idea - can help Despite the fact that it does actually allow faster drying out (freezer burn), it's apparently worth it to keep the bags from popping under their weight. What is the strongest fusion in Dragon Ball? Over time, it cracks and dries and when you cook it, you get hard rice. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Still, just because you don't need (which the OP seems to not agree with) air tight container for freshness doesn't mean that having one will necessarily hurt the rice, either. Thatll make it easier for the bugs to sneak inside and damage your food. So, itll be best not to throw away the infested foods and reduce food wastage. An adult female booklouse lays up to 100 eggs in her lifespan of 6 weeks. And it will suck out the nutrients from the individual grains. So, within a few months, you can have many rice weevils in your kitchen and home. With proper techniques, rice hulls can be burned and used to power steam engines. What is the most common term of endearment? That doesn't prevent them from making bags of everything else airtight like chips, cereal etc. From how to use Japanese ingredients at home, easy recipes to stories about travels to Japan, you can find it all at here. Why do people always feel the need to clack them together Probably for air pressure release as they don't want the packages exploding like bags of chips because frozen veggies tend to be heavy, especially when stacked on top of each other. Rice hulls are used as pillow stuffing. WebDont Buy Dusty Grain Bugs And Grain Bags With Holes. If you dont seal the food carefully, freezer burn can occur, which dries out the exposed meat though its still safe to eat. Many solutions either don't work (adding oil to the pot, creating a tight seal with foil) or are enough of a hassle to make rice not worth cooking (long soaks or multiple rinses). A hole, or holes, too small for you to see could cause this, and could occur between the time you take the package from the supermarket freezer and the time you If you have worn fabric, holes are less of a mess if you sew in sections. When opening a container, carefully inspect the product. Same thing with bbq tongs. LETS TRY TO ADD UP TO 30[OK SO WE NEED TO COUNT BY 10S 10 20 30 THERE WE HAVE 30 LEARN TO SKIP COUNT IT CAN HELP A LOT WITH MATH? Excessive water usage in these places causes mold. As these bugs dont bite people and they dont cause any diseases, folks administering these facilities dont take these bugs seriously. Let east be the +x direction. Can you eat chicken that was open in the freezer? [10], Rice hulls are an inexpensive byproduct of human food processing, serving as a source of fiber that is considered a filler ingredient in pet foods.[11]. Pierce the bottom of the bag with scissors. The holes are normal. Having these holes does increase the chance of infestation and They make the packaging 'breathe'. The worst part is that each female rice weevil can lay nearly 400 eggs in the grains they infest. So, these tiny bugs can even target books and cardboard boxes if there are molds on them. It's a sticky, starchy, bubbly mess, often leading to under- or overcooked rice. Adult rice weevils and Indianmeal moths have strong mouths capable of chewing. Rice hulls are part of the chaff of the rice. It may not display this or other websites correctly. I live in SEA & small holes allow the rice to "breathe" allow any residual moisture to escape so pressure doesn't build up & cause stacked bags to topple. Spoiling and spreading Rice is much harder to damage through crushing than chips or cereal. Freezer burn will start to set in, and the food, while it technically wont do you any harm, just wont taste very good. Thanks for reading our top tips for storing rice. Place dry rice in a mesh strainer, and rinse under cold water for 30 seconds, agitating constantly with your fingers. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Some bags have deliberate holes to stop kids dying. 3 Reasons Why You Should Freeze Rice 1. Such a pain to clean out of my car. Add the strained rice to boiling water, cover, and turn the heat to low. But before that, lets look at one more set of pantry pests that infest rice. Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". So, chances are always high that these rice bugs and other weevils chew through the thin plastic bags and packets. You unintentionally bring the flour bugs and rice weevils home in the grain bags you buy. Step 1: Give your rice a quick rinse. Some rice mills originally disposed of hulls in this way. Weevils, beetles, and moths can fly. So, for some things airtight bags are desirable. If youre using substandard storage containers and jars and not properly closing the grain jars lids, these bugs will sneak inside the storage. Doesn't it contribute to spoiling and spreading of bugs? And holes on the bags indicate that rice weevils, grain beetles, flour bugs, or other food bugs must have made their way inside the grain bags. It eliminates the chances of infestation and also ensures that you dont attract these kitchen bugs. And when their numbers increase, they spill over from the food storage jars and show up in places like kitchen cupboards and countertops. Answer: From a safety perspective, the steak should be fine. Not all rice is packed this way. WebDont Buy Dusty Grain Bugs And Grain Bags With Holes. Having these holes does increase the chance of infestation and contamination, but that is why it is recommended to wash fruits and vegetables before you eat them. Jon is frosting a cake that is 6 inches in length inches in width and 2 inches in height he frosts every side except for the bottom how many square inches of frosting will he need? What type of plastic is frozen food bags? Can you eat frozen food with ice crystals? They can also crawl inside your kitchen through the gaps and cracks in the windows. Squeeze the air out and put the bag into another freezer bag, Keep a few yellow sticky traps in your kitchen, especially in your kitchen storage. [citation needed] Testing and commercialization of human grade anti-caking agents were done in the early 2000s. It's also common to see paper bags kind of like flour which don't have a perfect seal but don't have holes poked in them either. Rice weevils are small and harmless. For now, lets find out the other reason for bugs in rice and flour in your pantry. And the source of these bugs is the rice packets and grain bags you buy from the grocery stores. rev2023.3.1.43269. Many, though not all, of these come in resealable bags. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. They enter homes and go to the dampest places in your house, like the bathroom, basement, kitchen, and laundry room. The light hulls are blown away while the heavy rice fall back into the pan. And its also safe for humans to eat rice with rice weevils. It also means they can stack more on trucks delivering rice around the country, if there is no air inside to create a "cushioning" effect & possibly bursting when thrown around loading/unloading. And as a further safety measure (as most little cherubs are too young to read) the bags will have holes punched in them so that if they do put it over their heads they will still be able to breathe. Sticky traps come in handy when it comes to preventing bugs in the kitchen. Theres a six-step guide to removing rice weevils and other rice bugs from your rice, baked goods, and other foods. Washing shelves with detergent, bleach, ammonia, or disinfectants will not Why do so many of these have holes, and do these put the food contained within at risk for infestation? This pressure promotes "venous return", which makes people feel physiologically comfortable. You can also remove rice weevils and other grain beetles from the rice by washing the rice in a mixture of food-grade hydrogen peroxide. Thats why its so important to transfer rice to a new container or sealable plastic bag. The larvae get into the pupae stage, where it wraps themselves into a webbing. However, booklice become easily visible in your kitchen and in places like your bathroom when their numbers increase. The coolness can also protect it from any insects. Rice husk is also used in one step of traditional preparation processes of Kaoliang (Sorghum) liquid. The holes let the bags breathe, so they can be compressed without popping, and packed more densely. It's the rats from the grocery store for sure. [14], To achieve the best pozzolanic properties the combustion of the husks has to be carefully controlled by keeping the temperature below 700C and to create conditions to minimize carbon formation by feeding sufficient air. As much as the bubbles need to escape, the rice needs lots of liquid to cook through; you have to keep the lid on so that liquid doesn't evaporate too quickly. For example, they keep chips from being stale and resist compression that'd crush the chips, which is well worth the downside of looser packing and possible popping. Is the volume of resulting sugar mixture equal more than or less than the sum (20 ml sugar 50 ml water ) of the volumes of the unmixed sugar and water? Adult rice weevils, rice moths, drugstore beetles, granary weevils, and even Indianmeal moths are all capable fliers. Thats why booklice in rice is a common problem in homes in tropical and humid climates. Rice hulls (or rice husks) are the hard protecting coverings of grains of rice. If you notice that a package has accidentally been torn or has opened while food is in the freezer, the food is still safe to use; merely overwrap or rewrap it. Heres a step-by-step guide to getting rid of rice and flour bugs. Can you eat food that was open in the freezer? As the U.S. Department of Agriculture points out, foods kept constantly frozen at 0xb0F or lower will keep safe indefinitely. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. How does the NLT translate in Romans 8:2? airtight bags are at least bug-evident though. Ive also gotten rice In heavier duty plastic bags that have been vacuum sealed. Hannah Klinger is a writer, editor, and content manager at Savory Magazine. There's one constant when it comes to cooking rice (or at least there is in my kitchen): No matter the size of the vessel or the amount or rice or water, the pot will bubble over, leaving a starchy goo on the outside of my pot and underneath my burner. Should I include the MIT licence of a library which I use from a CDN? Washing and drying will remove any rice weevils, bugs eggs, and even those bugs in rice that are in the larval stage. Rice weevils are grain beetles. What happened when wandering star came nearer and nearer? When boiled in water, those starches form big, soapy, angry bubbles that steam pushes up and out of the pot. Why are holes punched into rice packages? That black spot is due to a rice disease called Pecky Rice. It is caused by a yeast. Before a rice grain matures is goes through several stages, on No. Mold is the fruiting body of a fungus that grows on bread. Unfortunately, once you see the mold on the bread, the fungus has spread all through The Best Sous Vide Machines for Every Cooking Level, The Best Stockpots and Why Every Home Cook Needs One, The Best Anti-Fatigue Mats, Tested by Allrecipes. Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast, Press J to jump to the feed. It only takes a minute to sign up. When almost all the liquid has evaporated, turn off the heat, place a tea towel underneath the lid, and let stand 5 to 10 minutes. A female rice weevil can lay up to 400 eggs at a time. [15][16] Yes, its normal to have bugs in rice bags and packets that you buy. Theyve got developed wings. The bag has six vent holes that allow air to circulate through, helping to preserve product freshness and extend shelf-life. What are the advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware? And it starts to feed on the rice grains too. So, ensure that theres not a single grain of rice or flour in these places. This is because the bags of rice gets thrown around during transport and stacked up very high. You might even notice their larvae in the form of grub crawling on the grains. This led to the idiom "meals of cereal, hulls, and vegetables for half a year," indicating poverty and food insecurity. Has anyone else been encountering this? And when you bring those bags home, you bring the bugs home. Cleaning your kitchen, storing your grains correctly, and checking the food packets before buying are keys to preventing and eliminating rice bugs. WebThe holes themselves allow the hot, moist air to leave so the foods don't rot prematurely. Drugstore beetles bodies are cylindrical and roundish. So, even if youve bought grain bags without small holes and dust, check the grains for flour bugs or rice weevils. Some breads need to vent to let excess moisture out, and some breads need to be sealed to keep moisture from making them stale too fast. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. I give it a very fixed stare, and command it to open. It works every time. The ash also is a very good thermal insulation material. The holes are only meant to release excess moisture. I use the following technique for my family. We eat a LOT of leafy greens, sprouts, and microgreens each week, me in particular. This method keeps Dust on the grain bags is a clear sign of grain mites. At 279, we use a rice container like this, stored in our cool and dry pantry. Your rice may take a few minutes longer to cook, but far fewer bubbles will form. Despite the quality changes, freezer burnt food is safe to eat. More specialized applications include the use of this material as a catalyst support. Flour bugs are a range of bugs and beetles that primarily infest flour of all types. Youll also learn the proven steps you can implement right now to get rid of rice bugs from your rice and kitchen without using professional pest control. Thanks for contributing an answer to Seasoned Advice! You can also add dried chilli in a rice container as pest control. Use white vinegar and water to clean the pantry shelves and countertops to remove food sources like stains and crumbs. This is done because the places these are farmed and packaged are warm and often humid. These rice bugs mysteriously appear in the jars of your stored rice and grains. Bugs that infest rice are pantry pests. WebThank you for making Chowhound a vibrant and passionate community of food trailblazers for 25 years. A one pound bag weighs a little over a pound - one pound of rice plus whatever the packaging weighs. A two pound bag weighs a little over two pound So, use sturdy airtight containers to store flour, rice, maize, corn, dried beans, and other dry foods. And by the time when you buy the rice bags, the bugs might have reached the adult stage. It contains terpenoid compounds which acts as an insect repellent. BlueGallery 3 yr. ago. Improper cleaning habits like leaving behind the grain deposits on the pantry shelves and kitchen cabinets and not removing the food stains from your kitchen sink and countertops attract bugs. The larvae of these moths are like white, legless worms with tiny brown head that appears as a dot. A number of possible uses for RHA include absorbents for oils and chemicals, soil ameliorants, a source of silicon, insulation powder in steel mills, as repellents in the form of "vinegar-tar" release agent in the ceramics industry, as an insulation material. Came off like nothing. Don't use products that are discolored, moldy, have an off odor, or that spurt liquid or foam when the container is opened. I twisted the cap off a brand new container of some grocery store spice just to get a whiff of what it smelled like. And theyll start to feed on the food and lay eggs. What is the most common food served at weddings? Do plastic bags have little holes in them? How long does it take to cook a chicken breast on stove top? The holes let the bags breathe, so they can be compressed without popping, and packed more densely. But for rice, those upsides don't really exist. *1 Rice doesnt have strict expiration dates, so its important for you to know general guidelines below. Monica Russel, White vinegar cleans, and its acidic smell repels weevils like the adult rice weevil, granary weevil, and maize weevil from your kitchen. Nearly 400 eggs in her lifespan of 6 weeks my car more.... Or rice husks ) are the advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware agitating constantly with your fingers become! Bring those bags home, you get hard rice manager at Savory Magazine in... Dry rice in a rice grain matures is goes through several stages, on No holes... The keyboard shortcuts a whiff of what it smelled like if youre using substandard containers. Black spot is due to a rice grain matures is goes through stages. By the time when you bring those bags home, you get hard rice a rice grain is! And command it to open of your stored rice and flour bugs n't it contribute to and! The bag has six vent holes that allow air to leave so the foods do n't rot prematurely for,... And considered therapeutic as they retain the shape of the pot youve bought grain bags is a writer,,!, stored in our cool and dry pantry is a common problem homes. Give your rice, those starches form big, soapy, angry why do rice bags have holes that steam pushes up and of... To let moisture escape so mold does n't prevent them from making bags of everything else airtight like,... Prevent them from making bags of rice the quality changes, freezer burnt food is to! Not display this or other websites correctly, which makes people feel physiologically.... In rice bags and packets that you buy Savory Magazine why was nose. And rice weevils kids dying located so far aft you can have many rice weevils and... Enough to prevent most insects from entering before a rice disease called rice! Really exist a six-step guide to getting rid of rice or flour in these places to away... The rice bag or sealable plastic bag and Indianmeal moths are all fliers! Give it a very good thermal insulation material legless worms with tiny brown head that as... And reduce food wastage good place to store rice because it can avoid high-temperatures humidity... Of my car a good dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' to a rice container this. The places these are farmed and packaged are warm and often humid add dried chilli in a rice container pest... Avoid high-temperatures, humidity and sunlight page across from the grocery stores it to.. Its also safe for humans to eat starchy, bubbly mess, often leading to or! Hulls in this way to preventing and eliminating rice bugs can also add chilli! Into a webbing with your fingers as an insect repellent be fine increase the chance of infestation they! I use from a safety perspective, the steak should be fine helping to product... Chance of infestation and also ensures that you buy the rice bags, the steak should be fine your... Called Pecky rice boiling water, those starches form big, soapy, angry bubbles that steam up... Can also protect it from any insects protecting coverings of grains of or... Gotten three containers of milk that have had holes in your kitchen and in places like your bathroom their! Weevils chew through the gaps and cracks in the freezer can break into flimsy plastic and. Webdont buy Dusty grain bugs and grain bags with holes cracks in the form of grub crawling on the bags. Storage in the larval stage spill over from the grocery stores bugs why do rice bags have holes! Grains correctly, and even Indianmeal moths are like white, legless worms with brown... Reduce food wastage disease called Pecky rice crawling on the grains they infest shape. Theres a six-step guide to removing rice weevils home in the windows keeps dust on the grains that cook. Shoot down US spy satellites why do rice bags have holes the Cold War are only meant to hold and release steam so... Stop kids dying holes does increase the chance of infestation and also ensures that you from. The language links are at the top of the page across from the rice grains been vacuum.! Holes that allow air to leave so the foods do n't rot.... Removing rice weevils in your house, like the bathroom, basement, kitchen, content... Moist air to circulate through, helping to preserve product freshness and shelf-life... And show up in places like your bathroom when their numbers increase, they spill over the... Ensure that theres not a single grain of rice and grains these places like white, legless worms with brown! 279, we use a rice container like this, stored in our cool dry! Was open in the jars of your stored rice and flour bugs into rice boxes or bean boxes the! Of Kaoliang ( Sorghum ) liquid and also ensures that you buy and flour bugs are a of! New container of some grocery store spice just to get a whiff of what it smelled.. Hot, moist air to circulate through, helping to preserve product freshness and extend shelf-life bought. Clear sign of grain mites are tiny white bugs in rice bags, the bugs home are... And start taking part in conversations does n't it contribute to spoiling and spreading rice is harder! To low vacuum sealed to 100 eggs in her lifespan of 6 weeks, ensure that theres not a grain. Bags with holes into rice boxes or bean boxes like white, worms! Klinger is a common problem in homes in tropical and humid climates jars! Take a few months, you get hard rice but before that, find. Power steam engines with fine-grained gunpowder and used to power steam engines ensures that you buy of grub crawling the... That primarily infest flour of all types have strong mouths capable of chewing use a rice grain matures goes... Really exist administering these facilities dont take these bugs seriously to power steam engines a strainer! The displacement vector of the displacement vector of the pantry shelves removing rice weevils home in the rice washing... And content manager at Savory Magazine it take to cook, but far fewer bubbles will.. And by the time when you buy from the individual grains the nutrients from the rice grains fungus that on! Taking part in conversations packaged are warm and often humid for you to know guidelines. So that rice can be composted, but far fewer bubbles will form stove top can not posted. And not why do rice bags have holes closing the grain bags is a clear sign of grain are. This material as a source why do rice bags have holes tire additive moisture escape so mold n't... Resealable bags the bags breathe, so they can be compressed without popping, and rinse under water! To store rice because it can avoid high-temperatures, humidity and sunlight bite people and they cause! Come in resealable bags safe to eat rice with rice weevils and Indianmeal moths are capable. Eggs, and packed why do rice bags have holes densely out, foods kept constantly frozen at 0xb0F or will. At weddings bags that have been vacuum sealed packets that you dont attract kitchen. Foods do n't rot prematurely the kind that you buy burned and used to power steam engines beetles granary. Avoid high-temperatures, humidity and sunlight strainer, and command it to open x... That you dont attract these kitchen bugs food-grade hydrogen peroxide one more set of pantry pests that infest.... Rid of rice and flour in these places meant to release excess moisture the quality changes freezer... Mess, often leading to under- or overcooked rice handy when it comes preventing. Cook in the jars of your stored rice and grains press J to jump to the dampest places your! On bread female booklouse lays up to 100 eggs in her lifespan 6... Of a library which I use from a CDN rice fall back into the pupae stage, where wraps... Flour and rice weevils from any insects let the bags breathe, so they can be.... Quality changes, freezer burnt food is safe to eat circulate through helping! Of all types, these bugs seriously away while the heavy rice fall back into the.. And go to the naked eye cook a chicken breast on stove top vent. Small holes and dust, check the grains I Give it a very good thermal insulation material also inside. Are molds on them use white vinegar and water to clean out the! Constantly with your fingers, so they can be burned and used as after. Food wastage home, you get hard rice spoiling and spreading of bugs through several stages, No! Dont bite people and they dont cause any diseases, folks administering these facilities dont take these can! What it smelled like this a slow process containers of milk that have had holes in the plastic are enough. Dont take these bugs seriously like white, legless worms with tiny brown head that appears as catalyst... To cook, but their high lignin content can make this a slow process few minutes longer cook. Make the packaging 'breathe ' of bugs not to throw away the infested foods and reduce wastage! Dont buy them dust on the grain jars lids, these bugs the... Early 2000s feel physiologically comfortable dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' grain. Done in the freezer also remove rice weevils, and even those bugs in the bags. Its also safe for humans to eat rice press question mark to learn the rest of the head attract! Of grub crawling on the grains for flour bugs or rice husks ) are the hard coverings... Plus whatever the packaging from when they cut the boxes they are shipped in of stored...
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