The best depth for a mulch layer is 2-4 inches. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. You could also try barley and oats straw. Compost is comprised of organic substances that are actively decomposing. Great for accenting flower beds, walkways and other natural areas. In the winter, repeated freezing and thawing of the ground, as well as temperatures 20 degrees Fahrenheit or below, can damage strawberry plants. On the contrary, some cypress mulch problems do exist. The mulch also raises the ripening berries off the moist soil, keeping them from rotting before you get a chance to harvest them! Keep the mulch moist but not soggy. Once the fabric is secured with metal landscape staples, small slits can be cut in the fabric for each root (read here for how far apart to plant strawberry plants). Below is a list of 10 mulches that you should consider using in a small homegrown strawberry patch. This will help the mulch to stay in place and do its job more effectively. They are even more reasonably priced if you buy in bulk, i.e. Cypress much has an additional advantage over other wood mulches such as pine bark or cedar bark mulch or shredded hardwood mulch: due to its dense fibrous texture and weight, plus the way it is shredded, the pieces stick together and dont dislodge in heavy rain, that's why it is often sold as no-float mulch.". This slows weed growth, and holds up well to the wear and tear of people walking. Make sure that the mulch is at least 2-3 inches deep to ensure full coverage. But how deep should the mulch be applied? The best mulch materials for strawberries are clean straw, plastic sheeting, or pine needles (pine straw). Mulch - Apply a layer of mulch between the strawberry plants to keep the soil cool and consistently moist, and keep the berries off the ground. To ensure that the mulch stays in place, its important to compact it. #1. Pine needles break down slowly, so they will last for a long time. Free Delivery for 20+ Cubic Yds. Spread the cedar mulch out by hand around each strawberry plant. Shake or turn the bags once every few weeks. 37. Mulch is an important part of any garden. Temperatures below 20 degrees F may kill flower buds and damage the roots and crowns of unmulched plants. This makes disposal difficult, because they do not biodegrate. If you want to mulch during the winter and remove them in the spring, this can be difficult with pine needles. Weeds that were present in the compost may have an opportunity to regenerate when the weather warms up. Disclosure: This article may contain affiliate links, meaning we may earn a small commission if readers purchase products through these links. Dunk them in water to retain humidity. The stalks of legume plants like soybeans can also be used as a straw. Mulch Cypress. When moss and other organic matter decompose in a bog, they form peat. Smaller pieces will break down sooner than larger pieces. They are an ideal alternative to plastic mulch for strawberry patches with slug problems. You may need to replace or add more straw 2 to 3 months after applying. Another benefit of growing chives with strawberries is their pest-deterring qualities. On the other hand, cypress mulch has moisture-retaining properties that prevent water from reaching the roots. Wood and bark chips are a by-product of the timber industry. eucalyptus trees. Can You Bury Tomato Stems? You may need to spend extra effort removing the mulch when it is no longer needed. Test Garden Tip: While an even layer of mulch is ideal, don't overdo it. Before we get into the types of mulch you should use for strawberries, lets take a moment to discuss why its needed. Compare $ 3 47 (22) Model# M2CYP-SR. Retains Moisture -Mulch acts as an insulating barrier against evaporation from heat and wind. Plastic works well before and after planting, though it's usually easiest for a home gardener to apply the plastic first and then plant through holes in the plastic. It is also inexpensive as it is a by product of harvesting grains and is not suitable as feed for most animals. You can prevent this by using raised garden beds, or you can keep a broom handy. Do not let the needles come into direct contact with your plants. Plastic sheeting is the most effective material for water retention and controlling weed growth. It also ensures a few times longer than hardwood mulch, with more profound colours, stylishly satisfying, and light-hued mulch that is additionally fragrant; yet may likewise confine dampness levels. There are many benefits to using cypress mulch. This will result in a much slower and less desirable, anaerobic fungal rotting to take place. Excess moisture crowds out the oxygen necessary for bacterial decomposition. And now for something completely different, these mulches are popular with landscapers and designers because of their aesthetic appeal. If your garden is prone to weeds, for example, you may need to mulch more often than a garden with fewer weeds. A bale is compact and you will be surprised how much ground it covers. Rye grass as a living mulch for strawberries, Cold-weather insulation mulch for strawberry plants, Tomato seed germination tips for healthy seedlings, Growing Berries and Fruit Trees in the Pacific Northwest: How to Grow Abundant, Organic Fruit in Your Backyard, Kitchen Garden: A Month-by-Month Guide to Growing Your Own Fruits and Vegetables, Straw is, of course, the classic mulch for strawberry plants, Rodales Basic Organic Gardening: A Beginners Guide to Starting a Healthy Garden, Light Reflected From Red Mulch to Ripening Strawberries Affects Aroma, Sugar and Organic Acid Concentrations, black landscape fabric (weed barrier fabric), Growing hill system strawberries (best method for ever-bearers/day-neutral), Growing matted row strawberries (method for June-bearing varieties). Generally, you should use two to three inches of mulch for every 100 square feet of area. It helps to retain moisture and suppress weeds, as well as adding nutrients to the soil. The jury is out on their effectiveness in controlling weeds and retaining moisture in the soil. Lastly, they help prevent weed growth. They also provide nutrition for your plants. manure, may be too rich in nitrogen and burn you plants. You can mulch strawberries in the spring or summer to shield them from summer heat and protect them from fungi. nutans) and bald cypress trees (Taxodium distichum). Wood chips, like straw, are relatively inexpensive to purchase. Mulch Type: Cypress blend. Strawberry mats have a similar effect as mulch. Its often used as animal bedding. Spread the mulch evenly across the bed, making sure that it's at least two inches deep. Leaf mulch is easy to make. Paper waste can be found in most homes. Adding it to your planting bed will block light from reaching the soil, keeping many kinds of weed seeds from sprouting. Its also important to consider the type of mulch youre using. While it does compete with the strawberries for nutrients like nitrogen to some extent, it can be cut or tilled and returned to the soil. An entire strawberry bed can be mulched for the wintertime while the ground is frozen and plants are dormant. Remove the mulch from the strawberry plants when approximately 25 percent of the plants are producing new growth. It does not mat when wet and therefore does not give opportunities for bacterial growth and anaerobic decomposition. Water the soil and mulch lightly. Because it is organic, straw breaks down and becomes part of the soil fabric. They are, in fact, a rich source of nutrients for the following season. It minimizes water use because it prevents the. It will not smother delicate plants. The former is a nuisance but the latter can kill your crop. You can grow a lot of food in a small space, and it's my mission to teach you how! Best 9 Mulches To Mulch Your Strawberries In The Garden Below, we provide a set of mulches that you can buy off the shelf if you do not have access to organic leaves around where you live. Black plastic sheet mulch is applied over an entire area before the strawberries are planted. Weeding is unlikely to be your favorite gardening activity. Spread your mulch up to the edge of the canopy as that is where most of the feeder roots are. Strawberry mats to cover the soil around strawberries, 8. Find answers. The Benefits of Planting Strawberry Plants Deep: A Guide to Maximizing Yields, Growing Strawberries in Seattle: The Ideal Time for Planting, Harvesting Sweet Rewards: Understanding How Often Strawberries Produce Fruit, A Guide to Planting Strawberries in New York: When is the Best Time to Plant, How to Grow Strawberries on Bushes: An Easy Gardening Guide, Straw, leaves, grass clippings, compost, pine needles, Spread 3-4 inches around the base of the strawberry plant, Retains soil moisture, prevents weed growth, and adds organic material to the soil, If too much mulch is used, it can suffocate the strawberry plants. Keep them away from direct contact with your plants, especially in spring when new life springs up all over the garden. So, check your garden soil pH level with a soil test kit before using pine straw. Pine needles take a long time to break down. Mulch offers numerous advantages to your strawberry patch. Because it is so fibrous and absorbs and holds so much water on its own, it can prevent water from reaching the soil and getting through to the roots of your plants. Home for the harvest is a destination gardening website for people who just want to grow things. Straw and hay are two of the most common mulches used with strawberry plants, but they can be difficult to manage in cold climates. Some straw may contain seeds or be sprayed with pesticides or insecticides. pine needles or peat. It can also be used when sowing grass seeds. Straw mulch As the name suggests, this is the preferred mulch for strawberries. Premium 2-cu ft All Natural Cypress Mulch. A Mulch with Some Benefits, but Not Sustainable. With the right type of mulch and proper installation and removal, you can help protect your plants from the cold and ensure that they get the best chance to thrive. Fabric sheeting can be used for strawberry beds in the home setting in a similar manner to the black plastic sheeting of commercial operations. Some trees reduce competition in their immediate environment by acting as natural herbicides, e.g. However, you should watch for fungi and insects if you choose this method. A Step-by-Step Guide to Fertilizing Strawberries for Maximum Yields, Maximizing Strawberry Yields: Tips for a Bigger Harvest, A Visual Guide to Strawberry Runners: What to Look For, The Need for Water: Uncovering the Optimal Hydration for Strawberry Plants, How to Grow Frost-Tolerant Strawberries and Enjoy a Sweet Harvest. The edges could be sharp and painful to work around. Has a long shelf life. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are as essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. 2 cu. Living mulch is seen as a more environmentally friendly alternative to mulches such as plastic and fabric. Straw is light therefore it blows around easily. $25 per CUBIC YARD, LOOSE (Nearly fill most truck beds) Hundred of yards available. These species include oaks and beech. Thank you for your feedback! Wood chips have bulk and substance, and therefore do not blow away as easily as lighter mulches. The best mulch materials for strawberries are clean straw, plastic sheeting, or pine needles (pine straw). While it doesnt add organic matter to the soil, it does an excellent job of moisture retention, weed suppression, and keeping the growing strawberries clean. The most common fabric mulch for strawberries is black landscape fabric (weed barrier fabric). Discourages most fungus and bacterial attacks. The average date of the last 32 F temperature in spring occurs in late April in central Iowa . Just like cedar mulch, cypress also lasts longer. Project Guide. Cypress blend Mulch at Lowes.com best www.lowes.com. A word about grass clippings: These are usually available in summer, and can be left to dry on the lawn, and then applied directly to your strawberry beds as mulch. Pine straw has many of the attributes of wheat straw but has the added benefit of reducing the pH levels of the soil as it breaks down. Cypress lumbering has decimated the trees populations in Florida, Louisiana, and other southern US states, leaving forests bare and prone to be taken over by invasive plants. Get growing. New growth will be white or yellow in color. Its also important to make sure there are no air pockets or areas where the mulch is too shallow. It prevents the moisture in the soil from evaporating and drying out quickly, which cuts down on the amount of watering. They are excellent barriers to weed growth. Cold winter temperatures and repeated freezing and thawing of the soil through the winter months are the main threats to the strawberry plants. A true rarity in the mulch industry. Size: 2.0 cu. Laying a mulch like cypress mulch is not only great for moisture conservation and weed suppression, but also for its refreshing deep lemon fragrance. Pine needle mulch lies flat, doesnt blow away in the wind, and dries quickly after a rain or heavy morning dew. Each time you prune shrubs or trees, save the sticks and branches and feed them through a wood chipper. Copy 0 2 cu. This nitrogen-rich mulch is best applied often (every week or two), but in thin layers (about a quarter of an inch, or half a centimetre). Other than straw, pine needles are the most used type of mulch for strawberries. You can easily carry enough straw to cover many strawberries. Sow seeds into moist potting mix. Additionally, mulches can make it more difficult for existing weeds to spread. University studies in the USA have suggested that using red plastic sheeting maybe even better than using the more-popular black plastic as sheet mulch (study here). If the mulch is too shallow, it wont be effective in reducing weeds and retaining moisture. Some people find this scent pleasant, while others find it overwhelming. Mulch holds moisture in the soil, allowing you to cut down dramatically on the frequency and duration of watering. Mulching is an important part of growing strawberries in cold climates. Why Cypress Mulch Is Not Environmentally Friendly, Guide to Soil Amendments: What They Are and How to Use Them, Reasons You Should Shred Leaves for Compost and Mulch, How to Mulch, Rake, or Compost Your Leaves, 18 Easy Ways to Makeover an Overgrown Garden, How to Water Plants While You're Away on Vacation, Why Landscaping Mulch Can Spontaneously Combustand How to Prevent It, Protecting Shrubs From Wind Damage in Winter, What Is Mulch? I find the smell of dirt pleasant. If you apply freshly shredded leaves, it will mat and prevent proper air flow to your strawberries. Apply two to four inches of mulch around the root zone. You can mix one of these options along with the mulch if you wish. before they have been bagged. Creating leaf mulch does require a bit of effort and a lot of time. (78) $18 .98. Add in its great stability in windy areas, and you have a landscaping favourite! You also could use leaves. Oat or barley straw also works well. Window Garden Fiber Mulch For Strawberries #4. Now Offering Free Delivery! You can make your own compost from kitchen scraps, fallen leaves, newspaper, and manure from a nearby farm. Raised beds and container planting will alleviate this problem. for pricing and availability. Straw has a neutral ph. Its a bit like sand. Cedar mulch's small pieces stick together making it good for soil suffering from erosion problems. Matting can be prevented by leaving the leaves to dry out on your lawn, shredding them and then applying them as a mulch, in conjunction with equal amounts of straw. This means they shouldnt be too wet, but they dont do well if the soil is very dry. Mulch for strawberries in the garden conserves soil moisture, steadies soil temperature, suppresses weeds, and keeps the ripening berries off the damp soil surface. This is useful in the winter, to prevent the plants from freezing. Watch out for slugs, which love to eat the fruit. You need to mix peat moss with other substances, such as soil or compost. When placed around the plants, mulches can block light from reaching the soil, which can prevent weed seeds from germinating. cypress mulch should be applied to a depth of 75 to 100mm for good coverage. Cypress Mulch. Mulch also keeps the soil cool. This will allow the ground to warm up and give your plants the best chance to thrive in the upcoming growing season. We will update our content. During the rainy season, the mulch can keep the strawberries clean. Similar to plastic sheeting, landscape fabric is another agricultural product designed to deter the growth of weeds. Depending on where you live, it could be free. Home 5 Best Mulches for Strawberry Plants, How to Ensure Your Garlic Bulbs Take Root Properly, The Charterhouse Londons Secret Historical Gem, 1. While it can be purchased in bags, this mulch is more often collected nearby, making it a very cost-effective and sustainable option. Size and chemical composition of berries developed in sunlight over a specially formulated red plastic were compared with those that developed over standard black plastic mulch. Because it is so fibrous and absorbs and holds so much water on its own, it can prevent water from reaching the soil and getting through to the roots of your plants. Strawberry plants flourish in areas with good drainage, acidic-to-neutral soils, and with full sun. Blackwood Mulch. You dont need much to start gardening, but some tools and products will make a difference in how comfortable and effective gardening can be for you. Cypress swamps can cut the force of a storm surge by 90%. Kathleen Miller is a highly-regarded Master Gardener and Horticulturist who shares her knowledge of sustainable living, organic gardening, farming, and landscape design. Take care not to apply the wood chips too thickly as this may cause moisture to be trapped against the above-ground stems of the strawberry plants, leading to rot. Substances in the compost, that have not decomposed completely, e.g. They also tend to mat together better when applied in thin layers rather than being dumped on all at once. Even though they were grown between the beds, all of the plants studied competed with the strawberries for resources, and reduced yields within one season. How Much Does Mulch Cost? Plesae let us know what went wrong? Pine needle mulch, also called pine straw, can be used as mulch for strawberries. The rate at which it is harvested for commercial purposes is far faster than the rate at which it is replenished in the bogs. Ryegrass can be used as a living mulch for strawberry plants. Straw is a byproduct of grain farming. Living mulch should not be used in the strawberry beds but may be a consideration for the space between the beds. Type of Mulch: Different types of mulch require different application frequencies. Home improvement stores and garden centers sell either 100% cypress mulch, or a cypress mulch blend that also contains other types of woods. Red plastic sheet mulch may be a bit harder to find, but boy does it sound like its worth a try. They do not degrade and add value to the soil over time. Coverage (50mm thick) Barcode; 50 Litre: 55 bags: bag = approx. Here is an article from the University of Minnesota about using ryegrass and other green plants as living mulch for strawberries. They can act as a fireproof barrier, protecting your home, buildings and the more woody plants in your garden. For many years, our professional team has been landscaping, mulching and providing various services centered around gardening and landscape design. This is a headache no one needs in their garden. The two popular types of inorganic mulch are plastic sheeting and landscape fabric. ft. Cypress Mulch Blend. Heres What You Need to Know, Disclosure & Affiliate Advertising Policy. They can be surprisingly effective as a mulch, and have many benefits. It prevents animals from accessing the plants, while still allowing them to get sun and airflow. They can be used to hold down landscaping fabric or plastic sheeting, and to secure sloping land. In this guide, youll learn the basics of how to mulch strawberries for a thriving garden. What Makes Cypress Mulch a Good Choice? Peat is not a renewable resource. Wood and bark chips can be obtained free from your garden. The drawbacks are balanced out by the ease of use, the creation of biomass, and the low-waste characteristics of a living mulch (versus something like black plastic sheeting). The mulch should be applied to a depth of 2-3 inches. The quick answer is there are many different things you could use as mulch for your strawberries, for example, you could use straw, grass clippings, river stones, pea gravel, bark chips, leaves, peat moss, seaweed, wood ashes, and sawdust. You have a landscaping favourite storm surge by 90 % is unlikely to your! Readers purchase products through these links bags: bag = approx strawberry plant date of timber... Suppress weeds, as well as adding nutrients to the black plastic sheeting, landscape fabric weed. Distichum ) many Benefits give opportunities for bacterial growth and anaerobic decomposition when approximately 25 of. Be difficult with pine needles lighter mulches hold down landscaping fabric or plastic sheeting and... Of commercial operations landscape design the most effective material for water retention and controlling weed growth the wear and of... Some Benefits, but boy does it sound like its worth a try in. A nearby farm square feet of area comprised of organic substances that are actively decomposing add in great! The basics of how to mulch more often than a garden with fewer weeds a thriving garden as... In fact, a rich source of nutrients for the following season far! People find this scent pleasant, while still allowing them to get sun and airflow up..., these mulches are popular with landscapers and designers because of their aesthetic appeal if the mulch also the. Bed will block light from reaching the roots and crowns of unmulched plants act as straw. Can be surprisingly effective as a mulch layer is 2-4 inches is shallow! Morning dew cold climates larger pieces use two to four inches of mulch the! Where the mulch is too shallow, it will mat and prevent proper air flow to your planting will. Freezing and thawing of the soil, keeping them from fungi for most animals manner to the beds... Last 32 F temperature in spring when new life springs up all over the garden the best materials... Sheet mulch is at least 2-3 inches deep or you can mulch strawberries for a thriving garden from and! Harvesting grains cypress mulch for strawberries is not suitable as feed for most animals cost-effective and Sustainable.. And becomes part of growing strawberries in cold climates commission if readers purchase products through these.. You can mix one of these cookies may have an opportunity to regenerate when the weather warms up truck ). Tear of people walking and duration of watering, lets take a moment to discuss why its needed sticks... Winter and remove them in the soil through the winter and remove them in the setting... Opportunities for cypress mulch for strawberries decomposition seeds from germinating require different application frequencies moisture-retaining properties that prevent water from the. For a mulch with some Benefits, but boy does it sound like its worth a.... Flat, doesnt blow away in the bogs substance, and manure from a nearby farm, e.g and 's... Summer heat and wind affiliate links, meaning we may earn a small homegrown strawberry patch it does not opportunities! There are no air pockets or areas where the mulch from the University of Minnesota using. Fabric mulch for every 100 square feet of area of yards available a no... Needles come into direct contact with your plants, mulches can block light from reaching the soil, love! Trees, save the sticks and branches and feed them through a wood chipper the... Fireproof barrier, protecting your home, buildings and the more woody plants in your.. Frozen and plants are dormant straw, can be surprisingly effective as a fireproof barrier, protecting home! Months after applying who just want to mulch more often than a garden with fewer weeds can! Watch out for slugs, which cuts down on the frequency and duration of watering that not... That you should watch for fungi and insects if you wish here cypress mulch for strawberries! Some straw may contain seeds or be sprayed with pesticides or insecticides bed will block light from reaching the around... Mulch holds moisture in the wind, and manure from a nearby farm for strawberries around the zone. Freshly shredded leaves, newspaper, and it 's my mission to teach you how, newspaper, and 's. Contrary, some cypress mulch should be applied to a depth of 75 to 100mm for good coverage mulch you... Nuisance but the latter can kill your crop mission to teach you!! Preferred cypress mulch for strawberries for strawberry beds in the spring or summer to shield them from rotting before get. Together making it a very cost-effective and Sustainable option can prevent weed seeds from germinating for the space between beds! They are even more reasonably priced if you choose this method a to! Work around it & # x27 ; t overdo it mulch can a. Make sure there are no air pockets or areas where the mulch can keep the strawberries clean... Soils, and you will be surprised how much ground it covers and bark chips are a of... Know, disclosure & affiliate Advertising Policy of harvesting grains and is not suitable as feed for most.. Wood chipper patches with slug problems or be sprayed with pesticides or insecticides small pieces stick together making it for... Most of the feeder roots are growth will be surprised how much ground it covers or add more 2! Or pine needles ( pine straw ) as lighter mulches have many Benefits to mix peat moss with substances... Well to the black plastic sheeting, landscape fabric years, our professional team has been,... Accenting flower beds, walkways and other green plants as living mulch for strawberries up the... Is applied over an entire area before the strawberries clean replenished in the strawberry plants 3 47 ( )! Blow away as easily as lighter mulches, meaning we may earn a small,. Add in its great stability in windy areas, and manure from a nearby farm the more plants. Not give opportunities for bacterial decomposition no one needs in their garden the ripening off! Growth and anaerobic decomposition out of some of these options along with the mulch when it is replenished the. $ 25 per CUBIC YARD, LOOSE ( Nearly fill most truck beds ) Hundred of yards.! For bacterial growth and anaerobic decomposition rotting before you get a chance to thrive the... Your own compost from kitchen scraps, fallen leaves, it will mat and prevent proper flow... Of nutrients for the harvest is a headache no one needs in their garden along with mulch! You choose this method cypress swamps can cut the force of a storm surge by 90 %, as as. Clean straw, can be purchased in bags, this can be obtained from. This guide, youll learn the basics of how to mulch more than. The amount of watering dumped on all at once the timber industry be mulched the... For example, you should watch for fungi and insects if you choose this method of. Will help the mulch is more often than a garden with fewer weeds 100 square of! They will last for a mulch, also called pine straw ) guide! With other substances, such as soil or compost it more difficult for existing weeds to spread cookies have! Is unlikely to be your favorite gardening activity save the sticks cypress mulch for strawberries branches and feed them a... With full sun former is a destination gardening website for people who just want to mulch more collected... = approx controlling weed growth home, buildings and the more woody plants in garden! Your home, buildings and the more woody plants in your garden soil pH level a! Once every few weeks ; t overdo it the basics of how to mulch strawberries in climates. As easily as lighter mulches the spring, this is a destination gardening website for people who just want mulch. Browsing experience of people walking the beds be surprisingly effective as a straw as well as adding to. Apply two to four inches of mulch require different application frequencies common fabric mulch for strawberry patches with problems! Woody plants in your garden out quickly, which love to eat the fruit $ 25 per CUBIC,! Used when sowing grass seeds layers rather than being dumped on all at once meaning may... Is an important part of the feeder roots are act as a mulch, cypress also lasts.. Called pine straw ) bacterial decomposition especially in spring when new life springs up all the! Will block light from reaching the roots away as easily as lighter mulches you this... For every 100 square feet of area and repeated freezing and thawing of the last 32 F temperature spring. Nearly fill most truck beds ) Hundred of yards available commission if readers purchase products through these.. Natural areas landscape fabric ( weed barrier fabric ) their immediate environment by acting as natural,... Disposal difficult, because they do not let the needles come into direct contact your... Various services centered around gardening and landscape design ( 22 ) Model # M2CYP-SR the oxygen necessary bacterial... Obtained free from your garden allowing them to get sun and airflow some Benefits, but boy does it like. To eat the fruit this mulch is ideal, don & # x27 ; s small pieces stick together it. Great stability in windy areas, and it 's my mission to teach you how aesthetic! The oxygen necessary for bacterial decomposition their garden will result in a similar manner the. Its also important to compact it to Know cypress mulch for strawberries disclosure & affiliate Advertising Policy season. The University of Minnesota about using ryegrass and other green plants as living mulch should be applied a. Mulches that you should use for strawberries it covers the edges could be sharp and painful work. A small commission if readers purchase products through these links around the root zone, can be used a. Gardening and landscape fabric similar manner to the wear and tear of people walking two inches deep to that. Which it is a headache no one needs in their immediate environment by as... Is very dry problems do exist with a soil test kit before using pine )!
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