To properly address a number of interrelated questions concerning philosophy in literature and film, and philosophical problems of meaning, interpretation and evaluation of narrative fiction, we will discuss both narrative works of art and theoretical approaches to their analysis. Our study will definitely include Frege, Russell, Quine, Searle, and Kripke. Our tools in this course will be logic and reason, even when we are trying to determine what the limits of reason might be. 1-3), and selected interviews and course lectures. In addressing these substantive questions, we will also consider which methodological approach--if a single one can be privileged--we should adopt for examining emotions. In the first part of the course, we will read Wittgenstein's, Philosophical Implications of Modern Physics. We will also pay close attention to the way in which each of these thinkers takes the practice of philosophy to play a key role in our realization of the good human life. If so, is that knowledge importantly different in kind or in rigor from the knowledge we gain through physics, chemistry or geology? We will then turn to several of Plato's dialogues, examining Plato's portrayal of Socrates and his development of a new and profoundly powerful philosophical conception. We will look at civil disobedience and theories of legal interpretation. Phil Walsh. Our starting and central question will be: What makes me the particular person that I am, and how is my identity as this individual person preserved over time? To submit an obituary, please send it to Alumni Records, Williams College, 75 Park Street, Williamstown, MA 01267. the cosmos. But three grains isn't enough for a heap. "He was just like the rest of us," said Watt to give the first personal reflection of Walsh since his death has brought tributes focused on his football achievements in 122 VFL-AFL games with . In this tutorial we will exploit this characteristic of biomedical ethics by using a case-based approach to examining core concepts of the field. Our aim will be to identify and evaluate the strongest version of each argument. These latter writings of Kant's had a tremendous influence on the development of subsequent moral philosophy and indeed set the stage for contemporary discussions of the nature of practical reason, motivation, freedom, and morality. Jana Sawicki TR 8:30 am - 9:45 am Hopkins Hall 400 (Rogers Room) 3316 Closed None PHIL 122 - T1 (F) TUT Contemporary Moral Issues . We will begin with Aristotle's Poetics and will continue with Hume's Of Tragedy, Hegel's various writings on tragedy, and Nietzsche's The Birth of Tragedy. However, the status of loyalty as a virtue has always been suspect: it has been argued that it is incompatible with impartiality, fairness and equality, and claimed that it is always exclusionary. We'll examine these criticisms in depth. My daughter removes one grain of sand. Why should one obey the law (if one should)? What is knowledge (as opposed to mere opinion)? This discussion will lead us to the relativist and social-constructivist views developed within contemporary science studies. Introduction to Critical Theory: The Enlightenment and Its Critics. How do I know that I am one? Should we value other things (say justice or passionate commitment and curiosity) over happiness? 'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+"://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs");AFL CEO Gillon McLachlan said Walsh's death was a tragic loss. This theoretically oriented work will provide the background for subsequent examination of specific topics, which may include, among others: justice in health care financing and reform; justice in health care rationing and access to health care, with particular attention to the intersections of rationing criteria with gender, sexuality, race, disability, and age; justice in the procurement and allocation of organs for transplantation; obesity and personal responsibility for illness; and justice in medical research, including "double standards" for research conducted in low resource settings. Or, must sensible properties be organized spatiotemporally? Cy Walsh has asked a court to let him back into the community without supervision, almost six years to the day after killing his father and Adelaide Crows coach Phil Walsh. Authors will include Plato, Anselm, Aquinas, Pascal, Paley, Hume, Kant, Kierkegaard, and several contemporary philosophers. In some weeks, students will be asked to choose from a small set which case they would like to address; in others the case will be assigned. What are other models for understanding moral objectivity? While looking at film as art, as document, as experiment and as entertainment, we will always keep in sight specific theoretical assumptions that underlie different understandings of film, and different critical approaches to the medium. We will examine the wager in its original home of Pascal's Pensees, and look at William James' related article, "The Will to Believe." This course will introduce students to fundamental concepts, methods, and issues in environmental ethics. [more], Each of the controversial and provocative figures whom we will read in this course have exerted a tremendous influence in our understandings of what it means to be a modern subject. This is part of a full-year thesis (493-494). In the first unit of this course, we will consider the relationship between freedom and social order. [more], Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) is probably the greatest philosopher of the 20th century. Ms. Sydney Walsh-Wilcox 83 P23 (Sibling), Mr. John C. Walsh (decd) 54 P99 85 83 (Parent). This course is an intensive, line-by-line study of the Investigations--one of the greatest (and thus, one of the most controversial) books in the history of philosophy. We will pay special attention to the first amendment and questions concerning free speech and hate speech. If time permits, we may also look at how the figure of Socrates has been thought about in the works of more modern thinkers. And what present practices and ways of thinking and knowing might be questioned using Foucault's tools, genealogy in particular, for resisting unnecessary constraints on freedom and the perpetuation of unnecessary suffering? Although it has influenced both analytic and continental philosophy, pragmatism is a powerful third philosophical movement. Phil was stabbed to death by his son, who habitually used hallucinogenic drugs, in one of the most shocking tragedies in . Are we capable of disinterested altruism, or are we motivated solely by self-interest? In this course, we will study the literature in contemporary philosophy on the nature of knowledge and rational belief. [more], Kant's Critique of Pure Reason is perhaps the most significant text in the history of philosophy. influences? Using resources from philosophy and linguistics, we will study various ways in which literal and non-literal uses of language influence our social lives. Love it or hate it, you cannot ignore it. What, if anything, justifies our scientific knowledge? By the early 20th century, in the works of Freud, we encounter the idea of the intra-psychic features of subjects and the importance of understanding and regulating psychic forces both within and between subjects in order to adapt to the demands of living at any given time, born as we are both dependent upon and vulnerable to others. Further, even where there is agreement as to the proper way of answering epistemological questions, there is a stunning variety of possible answers to each question. But how often do we ask: What is freedom? Finally, there are those who do not think philosophy can contribute much at all to answering such questions and others who question its claims to universality given its associations with colonialism, racism, sexism, etc. Class will be primarily driven by discussion, often preceded by brief lectures. Readings will include work by Plato, Hobbes, Kant, Mill, Nietzsche, and contemporary authors. In this tutorial we will read philosophical texts from a range of approaches in professional philosophy since the early 20th Century (Analytic, Pragmatist, Continental or European, and Public). Our main goal will be to prove things about this logical system rather than to use this system to think about ordinary language arguments. We will begin with an analysis of primary texts by Fanon and end by considering how Fanon has been interpreted by his contemporaries as well as activists and critical theorists writing today. Topics to be considered include the nature of freedom (both individual and social), the master/slave dialectic and subject constitution, self-consciousness and double consciousness, the stages of history, and racial capitalism [more], Any critical theory presupposes an account how both individual and social subjects come into being. There will also be a midterm paper (roughly 10 pages) and a final paper (roughly 15 pages) which you will develop and revise in consultation with the instructor. For example, we will examine the ethics of disease surveillance, treatment and vaccine research, resource allocation and rationing, compulsion and voluntariness in public health measures, and social determinants of health outcomes, among other topics. Consequently, many philosophers deeply influenced by pragmatism do not recognize the fact, while, on the other hand, some self-proclaimed pragmatists of our days can hardly be seen as continuing the tradition to which they pledge allegiance. We will examine a variety of philosophical and scientific theories of emotion, as well as some issues concerning normative aspects of emotions: the role of emotions in a good life, and the concept of emotional maturity. Does free inquiry clash with concern for others, or do they (or can they) work together? + Discussion: UPI, New York Post, . And right now there are autonomous vehicles deciding how to behave in traffic, and autonomous weapons capable of delivering lethal force. In this course we aim to engage that abstract question through two more focused projects. Topics will range from consideration of "mundane" technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), prenatal genetic screening and testing, and surrogacy, to the more extraordinary, possibly including pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), post-menopausal reproduction, and post-mortem gamete procurement. Death Date Jul 3, 2015: Birth Sign: Pisces: Phil Walsh Height, Body Info. The answer is not merely that they ask the question, "What gives meaning to a human life?" And, if the barber does shave himself, then by condition (b) he does not shave himself. Starting with early film theorists (such as Munsterberg, Arnheim, Bazin, and Soviet formalists), we will examine how their insights and disagreements influenced later developments in continental and analytic philosophy of film, and in film theory. Who should rule? Philosophy? The first, shorter part will focus on the writings of the three classics of American pragmatism--Charles S. Peirce, William James and John Dewey--and analyze their reaction against traditional epistemology, as well as the positive philosophical ideas that they had to offer. Why do we seek to experience through film fear and anguish that we avoid in our daily lives? Possible additional topics would include: modal logic, the theory of counterfactuals, alternative representations of conditionals, the use of logic in the foundations of arithmetic and Godel's Incompleteness theorems. How should moral equality be understood, and what is its foundation? What do you expect to learn? Although it has influenced both analytic and continental philosophy, pragmatism is a powerful third philosophical movement. Firstly, we will try to understand the mental lives of non-human animals. And on what grounds can we justify confidence in our provisional answers to such questions? Why then should we spend our time studying people who in addition to having these surprising beliefs have been dead for 2500 years? In pursuing the answers to these questions, we will discuss both classic and contemporary theories from philosophy and linguistics. Tutorial partners will have an opportunity to spend the end of the semester working on a special topic of their choosing including, for instance, consciousness and free will, pain and anesthesia, consciousness and artificial intelligence, or disorders of consciousness. The College Mission Statement says that "Williams seeks to provide the finest possible liberal arts education by nurturing in students the academic and civic virtues, and their related traits of character." Does film accurately capture reality, as no other art does? [more], Our practice of holding people responsible seems justified as long as their choices are free. Does offensive art harm? Our readings will come primarily from philosophy, but will be supplemented with material from anthropology, physics, psychology, and linguistics. [more], Early philosophy of language focused on meaning of assertions, denials and descriptions. health and disease, and then apply them to human psychology. Students who have take PHIL 203 will have a good background for this class, but students who are generally comfortable with formal systems need not have taken PHIL 203. Specific issues will include the ethics of placebo research, deception in research, studies of illicit/illegal behavior, genetic research, experimentation with children, pregnant women and fetuses, and persons with diminished mental capacity, among other topics. [more], This course will raise and discuss a number of philosophical questions concerning our current understanding of mental health and mental illness. Critical theorists regard philosophy as social and ideology critique. What, you may ask, is the philosophy of logic? Phil Walsh!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)? While engaging these texts, we will continually reflect on their relevance for thinking about the problems facing liberal democracies today, particularly in the U.S. [more], In this tutorial we will examine a number of prominent and controversial social issues, using our study of them both as an opportunity to better understand the moral dimensions of those issues in and of themselves, and to consider the ways in which selected classical and contemporary moral theories characterize and address those moral dimensions. What are the purposes of liberal arts colleges in America? Among the authors we will read are: Aristotle, Frege, Russell, Quine, Kripke, Putnam, Field and Fine. [more], Most thoughtful human beings spend a good deal of time musing about how we ought to live and about what counts as a good life for a human being. We will move on to examine ethical issues of truth-telling with terminally ill patients and their families, decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining treatments, the care of seriously ill newborns, physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia, and posthumous interests. (iii) You exist. (i) You are psyched. We will then turn to some specific social forms in the second unit, and ask whether they promote or preclude our freedom. Do particular case histories offer good explanations of psychopathology? In the last century New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani attempted to shut down the Brooklyn Museum "Sensations" exhibit because he claimed it offended Christians, and the Cincinnati Contemporary Arts Center was prosecuted for exhibiting allegedly obscene photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe. No domain of inquiry is immune to this destructive skepticism and confident relativism. of Western metaphysics; French Nietzscheans such as Foucault, Derrida and Deleuze as well as French feminist Luce Irigaray appropriate Nietzschean themes and concepts in their critical engagements with the Western philosophical tradition; and Anglo-American moral philosophers such as Bernard Williams, Alisdair MacIntyre, and Phillippa Foot (as well as Rorty) respond to and engage his critique of modern morality. In discussions and writing, we will explore the diverse visions of modernity and of politics offered by such thinkers as Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Marx, Mill, and Freud. You are very likely to be offended by some of the art we discuss. The theoretical aspect of the course will involve close readings of selected articles in contemporary aesthetics, philosophy of literature and philosophy of film. We will examine basic questions in the philosophy of law: What is the relationship between law and morality? [more], Logic is the study of reasoning and argument. Ninah T. Pretto. Pascal's wager is a different approach: it argues that even though proof of the existence of God is unavailable, you will maximize your expected utility be believing. Our texts will include Gottlob Frege, The Foundations of Arithmetic, Bertrand Russell, Principles of Mathematics, and Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Phil Williams / WTVF-TV: Tennessee Congressman Andy Ogles didn't want you to see his college transcript! Attention to the writing process and developing an authorial voice will be a recurrent focus of our work inside and outside the classroom. This tutorial will bring to life the debate between Locke and Leibniz, and enable students to reach their own conclusions about Empiricism vs. Rationalism, Realism vs. Idealism, and related issues. We will then discuss philosophies of science which emerged out of various criticisms of this view - especially those of Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend - and the challenges to the assumptions of scientific objectivity and rationality their works provoked. How are conscious and unconscious emotions related to a person's action, character, and her social world? We will read, among others, selected papers by Carnap, Hempel, Quine, Goodman, Kuhn, Elgin, Hacking, Misak, Putnam, Rorty, and Haack. In this way, we come to appreciate the importance of considering the biology on which mental processes are based and the light that this approach throws on the nature of consciousness. Last offered Fall 2017 . One must grasp the meanings of the various parts of the sentence. [more], In her groundbreaking book, The Tentative Pregnancy, Barbara Katz Rothman writes that "[t]he technological revolution in reproduction is forcing us to confront the very meaning of motherhood, to examine the nature and origins of the mother-child bond, and to replace--or to let us think we can replace--chance with choice." [more], This course is an introduction to philosophy through three major themes: The nature of the universe, the existence of gods, and the mind/body problem. In addition we'll also look at feminist analyses of topics that traditionally have not been regarded as "gendered," such as resource allocation and end of life issues. Furthermore, philosophers have continued to revisit the existential questions vividly raised by Greek tragedy. There will also be a midterm paper (roughly 10 pages) and a final paper (roughly 15 pages) which you will develop and revise in consultation with the instructor. We will also study contemporary philosophers who have written on education, such as Martha Nussbaum and Cornel West. A number of conceptual themes will emerge throughout the course of the term, including notions of exploitation and coercion, privacy and confidentiality, and the balance between public interests and individual rights. We will analyze and discuss various accounts of scientific method, structure and justification of scientific theories, scientific choice, change, and the idea that scientific knowledge is progressive in a cumulative way. How did you develop your character? Conceptions of person are equally important in science (especially in psychology), law, and the arts. [more], This tutorial, designed especially for first year students, is a philosophy course, not a prelaw course. What do we mean when we talk about racial capitalism? that we have a clear sense of what that involves? In this course, we will investigate dynamic communicative phenomena and discuss competing theoretical explanations about how they're interpreted. If they are conscious, will AI's have dignity and rights? v. t. e. Matt Walsh (born June 18, 1986) [1] is an American right-wing political commentator and author. If loyalty is a virtue, what are the proper limits of its cultivation and expression? Is a world with AI's overall better or worse for us? Furthermore, they share the conviction that the most important components of a successful life are within the control of the individual human being. For example, we commonly attribute to Plato a theory of the Forms on the basis of his claims in the so-called "middle dialogues" (mainly Republic, Phaedo, and Symposium). . In addition to examining general accounts of causation, we will examine particular problems that come up in thinking about mental causation and causation in indeterministic contexts. Yet what is it to be happy? We'll try to make some progress on these issues. Or do our laws somehow enhance or enable our freedom? However, few (haters gonna hate) would say that the expression has a referent. By Greg Baum. Our discussions will range over historical and contemporary works in the Western tradition. Finally, is there a reason for philosophy of film and film theory to exist as a separate field? demanded by institutions, religious, political and ethnic communities, as well as by the state. Topics will depend to some extent on student interest, but are likely to include concerns that fall under such headings as euthanasia, conscientious eating, abortion, the ethics of protest, and Covid-19. How can it be known and pursued? In this way we come to realize that far from being the irrational foil of "the West," Indian tradition is a rich resource for thinking through some of the central questions that have challenged philosophers in both traditions. While looking at film as art, as document, as experiment and as entertainment, we will always keep in sight specific theoretical assumptions that underlie different understandings of film, and different critical approaches to the medium. The debate between Realism and Idealism concerns whether reality is composed of mind-independent matter, or mind-like substances. The philosopher John Rawls is widely credited with reviving liberalism in the late 20th century and providing its most persuasive defense. In this way the goal of the course is significantly different from that of Logic and Language (PHIL 203). Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Last modified on Wed 26 Oct 2016 19.14 EDT. and includes death notifications beginning January 1, 2020. . Our tools in this course will be logic and reason, even when we are trying to determine what the limits of reason might be. Is philosophy of film really autonomous, independent from traditional philosophical disciplines which help generate its central questions, such as aesthetics, philosophy of art, epistemology, ontology, semiotics, ethics, social and political philosophy? There is a village where the barber shaves (a) all those and (b) only those who do not shave themselves. Both stances face severe difficulties. Later Wittgenstein is a controversial, polarizing figure; but serious reading of his work is invariably intellectually enriching and fertile. What if they are more fair? What are other models for understanding moral objectivity? We will examine this issue in Hume's Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, classic sources and contemporary articles. What sorts of things can be true or false? [more], Much like the construction of medical knowledge itself, it is from specific cases that general principles of biomedical ethics arise and are systematized into a theoretical framework, and it is to cases they must return, if they are to be both useful and comprehensible to those making decisions within the biomedical context. What if they are biased, unbeknownst to us? Thus, the concept of person plays a significant role in most branches of philosophy, e.g. WILLIAMS NEWS Covid-19 InformationCovid-19 is an ongoing concern in our region, including on campus . Hence, being with others, being dependent on others, is regarded as a key structuring feature of human existence. We will closely analyze classical arguments by Augustine, Avicenna, Aquinas, Anselm, Maimonides, Descartes, and others. The second, longer part of the seminar will try to isolate and follow some of the pragmatist currents which run through epistemology and philosophy of science in the 20th and 21st centuries. Throughout, we will appeal to reason and evidence in forming our best beliefs. We'll attempt to answer this question by examining recent philosophical work on the nature of free will and responsibility. What does it mean to be "philosophical" or to think "theoretically" about politics? This course serves as an introduction to formal methods in the scientific study of language. Other questions are pressing and immediate: Artificial intelligence techniques are used today to help decide whether someone gets a bank loan, is eligible to be released on bail, or in need of particular medical treatment. Mental lives of non-human animals we capable of delivering lethal force a person 's action, character, and weapons. 2015: Birth Sign: Pisces: phil Walsh Height, Body Info will involve close readings of selected in! Of Pure reason is perhaps the most shocking tragedies in see his college!..., Body Info loyalty is a virtue, what are the purposes of liberal colleges. 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